;PMID: 3539825 ;source_file_2861.mrg ;Release 0.9 of PennBioIE ;Funded by NSF ITR EIA-0205448 ;0)section:[e:0..38] = [t:0..38] ;1)sentence:[e:44..95] = [t:44..95] ;2)section:[e:99..188] = [t:99..188] ;3)sentence:[e:192..339] = [t:192..339] ;4)sentence:[e:341..471] = [t:341..471] ;5)sentence:[e:472..679] = [t:472..679] ;6)sentence:[e:680..814] = [t:680..814] ;7)sentence:[e:815..1062] = [t:815..1062] ;8)sentence:[e:1063..1177] = [t:1063..1177] ;9)sentence:[e:1178..1323] = [t:1178..1323] ;10)section:[e:1327..1371] = [t:1327..1371] ;section 0 Span:0..38 ;Int J Cancer. 1987 Jan 15;39(1):73-6. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[0..3] Int) (NNP:[4..5] J) (NNP:[6..12] Cancer) (.:[12..13] .) (CD:[15..19] 1987) (CC:[20..23] Jan) (CD:[24..29] 15;39) (-LRB-:[29..30] -LRB-) (CD:[30..31] 1) (-RRB-:[31..32] -RRB-) (CD:[32..35] :73) (HYPH:[35..36] -) (CD:[36..38] 6.))) ;sentence 1 Span:44..95 ;Shedding of GD2 ganglioside by human neuroblastoma. ;[81..94]:malignancy-type:"neuroblastoma" (SENT (NP (NP (NN:[44..52] Shedding)) (PP (IN:[53..55] of) (NP (NN:[56..59] GD2) (NN:[60..71] ganglioside))) (PP (IN:[72..74] by) (NP (JJ:[75..80] human) (NN:[81..94] neuroblastoma))) (.:[94..95] .))) ;section 2 Span:99..188 ;Ladisch S, Wu ZL, Feig S, Ulsh L, Schwartz E, Floutsis G, Wiley F, Lenarsky ;C, Seeger R. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[99..106] Ladisch) (NNP:[107..108] S) (,:[108..109] ,) (NNP:[110..112] Wu) (NNP:[113..115] ZL) (,:[115..116] ,) (NNP:[117..121] Feig) (NNP:[122..123] S) (,:[123..124] ,) (NNP:[125..129] Ulsh) (NNP:[130..132] L,) (NNP:[133..141] Schwartz) (NNP:[142..143] E) (,:[143..144] ,) (NNP:[145..153] Floutsis) (NNP:[154..155] G) (,:[155..156] ,) (NNP:[157..162] Wiley) (NNP:[163..164] F) (,:[164..165] ,) (NNP:[166..174] Lenarsky) (NNP:[175..176] C) (,:[176..177] ,) (NNP:[179..185] Seeger) (NNP:[186..188] R.))) ;sentence 3 Span:192..339 ;Substantial concentrations of the cell-surface glycosphingolipid, the ;disialoganglioside GD2, are uniformly present in human neuroblastoma tumors. ;[318..331]:malignancy-type:"neuroblastoma" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (JJ:[192..203] Substantial) (NNS:[204..218] concentrations)) (PP (IN:[219..221] of) (NP (NP (DT:[222..225] the) (NML (NN:[226..230] cell) (HYPH:[230..231] -) (NN:[231..238] surface)) (NN:[239..256] glycosphingolipid)) (,:[256..257] ,) (NP (DT:[258..261] the) (NN:[263..281] disialoganglioside) (NN:[282..285] GD2))))) (,:[285..286] ,) (VP (VBP:[287..290] are) (ADJP-PRD (RB:[291..300] uniformly) (JJ:[301..308] present) (PP-LOC (IN:[309..311] in) (NP (JJ:[312..317] human) (NN:[318..331] neuroblastoma) (NNS:[332..338] tumors))))) (.:[338..339] .))) ;sentence 4 Span:341..471 ;This ganglioside can also be detected in the plasma of patients with ;neuroblastoma by direct thin-layer chromatographic analysis. ;[411..424]:malignancy-type:"neuroblastoma" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (DT:[341..345] This) (NN:[346..357] ganglioside)) (VP (MD:[358..361] can) (ADVP (RB:[362..366] also)) (VP (VB:[367..369] be) (VP (VBN:[370..378] detected) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[378..378] *)) (PP-LOC (IN:[379..381] in) (NP (NP (DT:[382..385] the) (NN:[386..392] plasma)) (PP (IN:[393..395] of) (NP (NP (NNS:[396..404] patients)) (PP (IN:[405..409] with) (NP (NN:[411..424] neuroblastoma))))))) (PP-MNR (IN:[425..427] by) (NP (JJ:[428..434] direct) (NML (JJ:[435..439] thin) (HYPH:[439..440] -) (NN:[440..445] layer)) (JJ:[446..461] chromatographic) (NN:[462..470] analysis)))))) (.:[470..471] .))) ;sentence 5 Span:472..679 ;Among 32 neuroblastoma patients in all clinical stages studied prior to the ;initiation of treatment, 27 (84%) showed measurably elevated plasma ;concentrations of GD2 (greater than or equal to 50 pmol/ml). ;[482..495]:malignancy-type:"neuroblastoma" (SENT (S (PP (IN:[472..477] Among) (NP (NP (CD:[478..480] 32) (NN:[482..495] neuroblastoma) (NNS:[496..504] patients)) (PP (IN:[505..507] in) (NP (NP (DT:[508..511] all) (JJ:[512..520] clinical) (NNS:[521..527] stages)) (VP (VBN:[528..535] studied) (NP (-NONE-:[535..535] *)) (ADJP-TMP (JJ:[536..541] prior) (PP (TO:[542..544] to) (NP (NP (DT:[545..548] the) (NN:[549..559] initiation)) (PP (IN:[560..562] of) (NP (NN:[564..573] treatment))))))))))) (,:[573..574] ,) (NP-SBJ (CD:[575..577] 27) (PRN (-LRB-:[578..579] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[579..581] 84) (NN:[581..582] %)) (-RRB-:[582..583] -RRB-))) (VP (VBD:[584..590] showed) (NP (NP (ADJP (RB:[591..601] measurably) (VBN:[602..610] elevated)) (NN:[611..617] plasma) (NNS:[618..632] concentrations)) (PP (IN:[633..635] of) (NP (NN:[636..639] GD2)))) (PRN (-LRB-:[641..642] -LRB-) (NP (NP (QP (JJR:[642..649] greater) (IN:[650..654] than) (CC:[655..657] or) (JJ:[658..663] equal) (TO:[664..666] to) (CD:[667..669] 50)) (NN:[670..674] pmol)) (PP (SYM:[674..675] /) (NP (NN:[675..677] ml)))) (-RRB-:[677..678] -RRB-))) (.:[678..679] .))) ;sentence 6 Span:680..814 ;The mean level (545 +/- 108 pmol/ml) was more than 50 times the normal ;plasma GD2 concentration of less than or equal to 10 pmol/ml. (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (DT:[680..683] The) (JJ:[684..688] mean) (NN:[689..694] level) (PRN (-LRB-:[695..696] -LRB-) (NP (NP (QP (CD:[696..699] 545) (SYM:[700..703] +/-) (CD:[704..707] 108)) (NN:[708..712] pmol)) (PP (SYM:[712..713] /) (NP (NN:[713..715] ml)))) (-RRB-:[715..716] -RRB-))) (VP (VBD:[717..720] was) (ADJP-PRD (ADJP (JJR:[722..726] more)) (PP (IN:[727..731] than) (NP (NP (QP (CD:[732..734] 50) (NNS:[735..740] times)) (DT:[741..744] the) (JJ:[745..751] normal) (NN:[752..758] plasma) (NN:[759..762] GD2) (NN:[763..776] concentration)) (PP (IN:[777..779] of) (NP (NP (QP (JJR:[780..784] less) (IN:[785..789] than) (CC:[790..792] or) (JJ:[793..798] equal) (TO:[799..801] to) (CD:[803..805] 10)) (NN:[806..810] pmol)) (PP (SYM:[810..811] /) (NP (NN:[811..813] ml))))))))) (.:[813..814] .))) ;sentence 7 Span:815..1062 ;Circulating GD2 was not detected in the plasma of patients with the related, ;more differentiated tumors, ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma, ;indicating an association of the shedding of this ganglioside with the ;undifferentiated phenotype. ;[921..941]:malignancy-type:"ganglioneuroblastoma" ;[946..960]:malignancy-type:"ganglioneuroma" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (VBG:[815..826] Circulating) (NN:[827..830] GD2)) (VP (VBD:[831..834] was) (RB:[835..838] not) (VP (VBN:[839..847] detected) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[847..847] *)) (PP-LOC (IN:[848..850] in) (NP (NP (DT:[851..854] the) (NN:[855..861] plasma)) (PP (IN:[862..864] of) (NP (NP (NNS:[865..873] patients)) (PP (IN:[874..878] with) (NP (NP (DT:[879..882] the) (VBN:[884..891] related) (,:[891..892] ,) (ADJP (RBR:[893..897] more) (VBN:[898..912] differentiated)) (NNS:[913..919] tumors)) (,:[919..920] ,) (NP (NN:[921..941] ganglioneuroblastoma) (CC:[942..945] and) (NN:[946..960] ganglioneuroma)))))))) (,:[960..961] ,) (S-ADV (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[961..961] *)) (VP (VBG:[963..973] indicating) (NP (NP (DT:[974..976] an) (NN:[977..988] association)) (PP (IN:[989..991] of) (NP (NP (DT:[992..995] the) (NN:[996..1004] shedding)) (PP (IN:[1005..1007] of) (NP (DT:[1008..1012] this) (NN:[1013..1024] ganglioside))))) (PP (IN:[1025..1029] with) (NP (DT:[1030..1033] the) (JJ:[1035..1051] undifferentiated) (NN:[1052..1061] phenotype)))))))) (.:[1061..1062] .))) ;sentence 8 Span:1063..1177 ;Circulating GD2 diminished in patients in response to therapy, and ;reappeared in patients whose disease recurred. (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (VBG:[1063..1074] Circulating) (NN:[1075..1078] GD2)) (VP (VP (VBD:[1079..1089] diminished) (PP-LOC (IN:[1090..1092] in) (NP (NNS:[1093..1101] patients))) (PP (IN:[1102..1104] in) (NP (NP (NN:[1105..1113] response)) (PP (TO:[1115..1117] to) (NP (NN:[1118..1125] therapy)))))) (,:[1125..1126] ,) (CC:[1127..1130] and) (VP (VBD:[1131..1141] reappeared) (PP-LOC (IN:[1142..1144] in) (NP (NP (NNS:[1145..1153] patients)) (SBAR (WHNP-1 (WP$:[1154..1159] whose) (NN:[1160..1167] disease)) (S (NP-SBJ-1 (-NONE-:[1167..1167] *T*)) (VP (VBD:[1168..1176] recurred)))))))) (.:[1176..1177] .))) ;sentence 9 Span:1178..1323 ;The results suggest that the sequential determination of circulating GD2 ;will be of value in monitoring individual patients with neuroblastoma. ;[1309..1322]:malignancy-type:"neuroblastoma" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (DT:[1178..1181] The) (NNS:[1182..1189] results)) (VP (VBP:[1191..1198] suggest) (SBAR (IN:[1199..1203] that) (S (NP-SBJ (NP (DT:[1204..1207] the) (JJ:[1208..1218] sequential) (NN:[1219..1232] determination)) (PP (IN:[1233..1235] of) (NP (VBG:[1236..1247] circulating) (NN:[1248..1251] GD2)))) (VP (MD:[1252..1256] will) (VP (VB:[1257..1259] be) (PP-PRD (IN:[1260..1262] of) (NP (NN:[1263..1268] value))) (PP (IN:[1269..1271] in) (S-NOM (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[1271..1271] *)) (VP (VBG:[1273..1283] monitoring) (NP (NP (JJ:[1284..1294] individual) (NNS:[1295..1303] patients)) (PP (IN:[1304..1308] with) (NP (NN:[1309..1322] neuroblastoma)))))))))))) (.:[1322..1323] .))) ;section 10 Span:1327..1371 ;PMID: 3539825 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[1327..1331] PMID) (::[1331..1332] :) (CD:[1333..1340] 3539825) (NN:[1341..1342] -LSB-) (NNP:[1342..1348] PubMed) (::[1349..1350] -) (NN:[1351..1358] indexed) (IN:[1359..1362] for) (NNP:[1363..1371] MEDLINE-RSB-)))