;PMID: 9189100 ;source_file_1407.mrg ;Release 0.9 of PennBioIE ;Funded by NSF ITR EIA-0205448 ;0)section:[e:0..31] = [t:0..31] ;1)sentence:[e:36..112] = [t:36..112] ;2)section:[e:116..202] = [t:116..202] ;3)section:[e:206..268] = [t:206..268] ;4)sentence:[e:272..283] = [t:272..283] ;5)sentence:[e:284..493] = [t:284..493] ;6)sentence:[e:494..502] = [t:494..502] ;7)sentence:[e:504..797] = [t:504..797] ;8)sentence:[e:798..806] = [t:798..806] ;9)sentence:[e:807..931] = [t:807..931] ;10)sentence:[e:932..1162] = [t:932..1162] ;11)sentence:[e:1163..1294] = [t:1163..1294] ;12)sentence:[e:1295..1306] = [t:1295..1306] ;13)sentence:[e:1307..1380] = [t:1307..1380] ;14)sentence:[e:1381..1461] = [t:1381..1461] ;15)section:[e:1465..1509] = [t:1465..1509] ;section 0 Span:0..31 ;Br J Surg 1997 Jun;84(6):826-9 (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[0..2] Br) (NNP:[3..4] J) (NNP:[5..9] Surg) (CD:[11..15] 1997) (.:[16..23] Jun;84-LRB-) (CD:[23..25] 6-RRB-) (CD:[25..29] :826) (HYPH:[29..30] -) (CD:[30..31] 9))) ;sentence 1 Span:36..112 ;p53 and K-ras status in duodenal adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis. ;[36..39]:gene-rna:"p53" ;[44..49]:gene-rna:"K-ras" ;[60..77]:malignancy:"duodenal adenomas" ;[81..111]:malignancy:"familial adenomatous polyposis" (SENT (NP-HLN (NP (NML (NN:[36..39] p53) (CC:[40..43] and) (NN:[44..49] K-ras)) (NN:[50..56] status)) (PP (IN:[57..59] in) (NP (JJ:[60..68] duodenal) (NNS:[69..77] adenomas))) (PP (IN:[78..80] in) (NP (JJ:[81..89] familial) (JJ:[90..101] adenomatous) (NN:[102..111] polyposis))) (.:[111..112] .))) ;section 2 Span:116..202 ;Kashiwagi H, Spigelman AD, Talbot IC, Debinski HS, McKie AB, Lemoine NR, ;Phillips RK. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[116..125] Kashiwagi) (NNP:[126..127] H) (,:[127..128] ,) (NNP:[129..138] Spigelman) (NNP:[139..141] AD) (,:[141..142] ,) (NNP:[143..149] Talbot) (NNP:[150..152] IC) (,:[152..153] ,) (NNP:[154..162] Debinski) (NNP:[163..165] HS) (,:[165..166] ,) (NNP:[167..172] McKie) (NNP:[173..175] AB) (,:[175..176] ,) (NNP:[177..184] Lemoine) (NNP:[185..187] NR) (,:[187..188] ,) (NNP:[190..198] Phillips) (NNP:[199..202] RK.))) ;section 3 Span:206..268 ;Polyposis Registry, St Mark's Hospital, Harrow, Middlesex, UK. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[206..215] Polyposis) (NNP:[216..224] Registry) (,:[224..225] ,) (NNP:[226..228] St) (NNP:[229..233] Mark) (POS:[233..235] 's) (NNP:[236..244] Hospital) (,:[244..245] ,) (NNP:[246..252] Harrow) (,:[252..253] ,) (NNP:[254..263] Middlesex) (,:[263..264] ,) (NNP:[265..268] UK.))) ;sentence 4 Span:272..283 ;BACKGROUND: (SENT (NP (NN:[272..282] BACKGROUND) (::[282..283] :))) ;sentence 5 Span:284..493 ;The genetic alterations in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis ;(FAP) and duodenal adenomas are poorly characterized when compared with data ;relating to colorectal tumorigenesis in the same patients. ;[325..356]:malignancy:"familial adenomatous polyposis" ;[358..361]:malignancy:"FAP" ;[367..384]:malignancy:"duodenal adenomas" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (DT:[284..287] The) (JJ:[288..295] genetic) (NNS:[296..307] alterations)) (PP-LOC (IN:[308..310] in) (NP (NP (NNS:[311..319] patients)) (PP (IN:[320..324] with) (NP (NP (NP (JJ:[325..333] familial) (JJ:[334..345] adenomatous) (NN:[347..356] polyposis)) (NP (-LRB-:[357..358] -LRB-) (NN:[358..361] FAP) (-RRB-:[361..362] -RRB-))) (CC:[363..366] and) (NP (JJ:[367..375] duodenal) (NNS:[376..384] adenomas))))))) (VP (VBP:[385..388] are) (ADJP-PRD (RB:[389..395] poorly) (VBN:[396..409] characterized) (SBAR-ADV (WRB:[410..414] when) (S (NP-SBJ-1 (-NONE-:[414..414] *)) (VP (VBN:[415..423] compared) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[423..423] *)) (PP-CLR (IN:[425..429] with) (NP (NP (NNS:[430..434] data)) (VP (VBG:[435..443] relating) (PP-CLR (TO:[444..446] to) (NP (NP (JJ:[447..457] colorectal) (NN:[458..471] tumorigenesis)) (PP-LOC (IN:[472..474] in) (NP (DT:[475..478] the) (JJ:[479..483] same) (NNS:[484..492] patients))))))))))))) (.:[492..493] .))) ;sentence 6 Span:494..502 ;METHODS: (SENT (NP (NNS:[494..501] METHODS) (::[501..502] :))) ;sentence 7 Span:504..797 ;Point mutation of the K-ras oncogene and point mutation and overexpression of ; the TP53 tumour suppressor gene were investigated in 32 duodenal polyps ;(seven without mucosal pathology, 23 with mildly dysplastic adenomas and two ;with moderately dysplastic adenomas) from 21 patients with FAP. ;[504..518]:variation-type:"Point mutation" ;[526..531]:gene-rna:"K-ras" ;[545..559]:variation-type:"point mutation" ;[587..591]:gene-rna:"TP53" ;[639..654]:malignancy:"duodenal polyps" ;[705..724]:malignancy:"dysplastic adenomas" ;[750..769]:malignancy:"dysplastic adenomas" ;[793..796]:malignancy:"FAP" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (NP (NN:[504..509] Point) (NN:[510..518] mutation)) (PP (IN:[519..521] of) (NP (DT:[522..525] the) (NN:[526..531] K-ras) (NN:[532..540] oncogene)))) (CC:[541..544] and) (NP (NP (NP (NN:[545..550] point) (NN:[551..559] mutation)) (CC:[560..563] and) (NP (NN:[564..578] overexpression))) (PP (IN:[579..581] of) (NP (DT:[583..586] the) (NN:[587..591] TP53) (NML (NN:[592..598] tumour) (NN:[599..609] suppressor)) (NN:[610..614] gene))))) (VP (VBD:[615..619] were) (VP (VBN:[620..632] investigated) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[632..632] *)) (PP-LOC (IN:[633..635] in) (NP (NP (CD:[636..638] 32) (JJ:[639..647] duodenal) (NNS:[648..654] polyps) (PRN (-LRB-:[655..656] -LRB-) (NP (NP (NP (CD:[656..661] seven)) (PP (IN:[663..670] without) (NP (JJ:[671..678] mucosal) (NN:[679..688] pathology)))) (,:[688..689] ,) (NP (NP (CD:[690..692] 23)) (PP (IN:[693..697] with) (NP (ADJP (RB:[698..704] mildly) (JJ:[705..715] dysplastic)) (NNS:[716..724] adenomas)))) (CC:[725..728] and) (NP (NP (CD:[729..732] two)) (PP (IN:[733..737] with) (NP (ADJP (RB:[739..749] moderately) (JJ:[750..760] dysplastic)) (NNS:[761..769] adenomas))))) (-RRB-:[769..770] -RRB-))) (PP (IN:[771..775] from) (NP (NP (CD:[776..778] 21) (NNS:[779..787] patients)) (PP (IN:[788..792] with) (NP (NN:[793..796] FAP))))))))) (.:[796..797] .))) ;sentence 8 Span:798..806 ;RESULTS: (SENT (NP (NNS:[798..805] RESULTS) (::[805..806] :))) ;sentence 9 Span:807..931 ;K-ras mutation, TP53 mutation or positive p53 staining were not found in ;duodenal polyps without histological abnormality. ;[807..812]:gene-rna:"K-ras" ;[824..828]:gene-rna:"TP53" ;[850..853]:gene-protein:"p53" ;[881..897]:malignancy:"duodenal polyps" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (NN:[807..812] K-ras) (NN:[814..822] mutation)) (,:[822..823] ,) (NP (NN:[824..828] TP53) (NN:[829..837] mutation)) (CC:[838..840] or) (NP (JJ:[841..849] positive) (NN:[850..853] p53) (NN:[854..862] staining))) (VP (VBD:[863..867] were) (RB:[868..871] not) (VP (VBN:[872..877] found) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[877..877] *)) (PP-LOC (IN:[878..880] in) (NP (NP (JJ:[881..889] duodenal) (NNS:[891..897] polyps)) (PP (IN:[898..905] without) (NP (JJ:[906..918] histological) (NN:[919..930] abnormality))))))) (.:[930..931] .))) ;sentence 10 Span:932..1162 ;Of 25 duodenal adenomas, K-ras mutation was found in three (two mildly ;dysplastic, one moderately dysplastic), 20 showed positive p53 ;immunostaining, and mutation of the TP53 gene was found in one moderately ;dysplastic adenoma. ;[938..955]:malignancy:"duodenal adenomas" ;[957..962]:gene-rna:"K-ras" ;[1004..1014]:malignancy:"dysplastic" ;[1031..1041]:malignancy:"dysplastic" ;[1064..1067]:gene-protein:"p53" ;[1104..1108]:gene-rna:"TP53" ;[1143..1161]:malignancy:"dysplastic adenoma" (SENT (S (S (PP-2 (IN:[932..934] Of) (NP (CD:[935..937] 25) (JJ:[938..946] duodenal) (NNS:[947..955] adenomas))) (,:[955..956] ,) (NP-SBJ-3 (NN:[957..962] K-ras) (NN:[963..971] mutation)) (VP (VBD:[973..976] was) (VP (VBN:[977..982] found) (NP-3 (-NONE-:[982..982] *)) (PP-LOC (IN:[983..985] in) (NP (NP (CD:[986..991] three) (PRN (-LRB-:[992..993] -LRB-) (CD:[993..996] two) (ADJP (RB:[997..1003] mildly) (JJ:[1004..1014] dysplastic)) (,:[1014..1015] ,) (NP (CD:[1016..1019] one) (ADJP (RB:[1020..1030] moderately) (JJ:[1031..1041] dysplastic))) (-RRB-:[1041..1042] -RRB-))) (PP-2 (-NONE-:[1042..1042] *T*))))))) (,:[1042..1043] ,) (S (NP-SBJ (CD:[1044..1046] 20)) (VP (VBD:[1047..1053] showed) (NP (JJ:[1055..1063] positive) (NN:[1064..1067] p53) (NN:[1068..1082] immunostaining)))) (,:[1082..1083] ,) (CC:[1084..1087] and) (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (NN:[1088..1096] mutation)) (PP (IN:[1097..1099] of) (NP (DT:[1100..1103] the) (NN:[1104..1108] TP53) (NN:[1109..1113] gene)))) (VP (VBD:[1114..1117] was) (VP (VBN:[1118..1123] found) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[1123..1123] *)) (PP-LOC (IN:[1124..1126] in) (NP (CD:[1127..1130] one) (ADJP (RB:[1132..1142] moderately) (JJ:[1143..1153] dysplastic)) (NN:[1154..1161] adenoma)))))) (.:[1161..1162] .))) ;sentence 11 Span:1163..1294 ;p53 protein overexpression in duodenal adenomas was significantly more ;frequent than mutation of either K-ras or TP53 (P < 0.01). ;[1163..1166]:gene-protein:"p53" ;[1193..1210]:malignancy:"duodenal adenomas" ;[1268..1273]:gene-rna:"K-ras" ;[1277..1281]:gene-rna:"TP53" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (NN:[1163..1166] p53) (NN:[1167..1174] protein) (NN:[1175..1189] overexpression)) (PP-LOC (IN:[1190..1192] in) (NP (JJ:[1193..1201] duodenal) (NNS:[1202..1210] adenomas)))) (VP (VBD:[1212..1215] was) (ADJP-PRD (ADJP (ADVP (RB:[1216..1229] significantly) (RBR:[1230..1234] more)) (JJ:[1235..1243] frequent)) (PP (IN:[1244..1248] than) (NP (NP (NN:[1249..1257] mutation)) (PP (IN:[1258..1260] of) (NP (CC:[1261..1267] either) (NN:[1268..1273] K-ras) (CC:[1274..1276] or) (NN:[1277..1281] TP53)))))) (PRN (-LRB-:[1282..1283] -LRB-) (S (NP-SBJ (NN:[1283..1284] P)) (VP (SYM:[1285..1286] <) (NP (CD:[1288..1292] 0.01)))) (-RRB-:[1292..1293] -RRB-))) (.:[1293..1294] .))) ;sentence 12 Span:1295..1306 ;CONCLUSION: (SENT (NP (NN:[1295..1305] CONCLUSION) (::[1305..1306] :))) ;sentence 13 Span:1307..1380 ;p53 dysfunction is a hallmark of duodenal adenomas in patients with FAP. ;[1307..1310]:gene-generic:"p53" ;[1340..1357]:malignancy:"duodenal adenomas" ;[1376..1379]:malignancy:"FAP" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NN:[1307..1310] p53) (NN:[1311..1322] dysfunction)) (VP (VBZ:[1323..1325] is) (NP (NP (DT:[1326..1327] a) (NN:[1328..1336] hallmark)) (PP (IN:[1337..1339] of) (NP (JJ:[1340..1348] duodenal) (NNS:[1349..1357] adenomas)))) (PP-LOC (IN:[1358..1360] in) (NP (NP (NNS:[1362..1370] patients)) (PP (IN:[1371..1375] with) (NP (NN:[1376..1379] FAP)))))) (.:[1379..1380] .))) ;sentence 14 Span:1381..1461 ;Overexpression may indicate DNA damage and thus an early step in ;tumorigenesis. (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NN:[1381..1395] Overexpression)) (VP (MD:[1396..1399] may) (VP (VB:[1400..1408] indicate) (NP (NP (NN:[1409..1412] DNA) (NN:[1413..1419] damage)) (CONJP (CC:[1420..1423] and) (RB:[1424..1428] thus)) (NP (NP (DT:[1429..1431] an) (JJ:[1432..1437] early) (NN:[1438..1442] step)) (PP (IN:[1444..1446] in) (NP (NN:[1447..1460] tumorigenesis))))))) (.:[1460..1461] .))) ;section 15 Span:1465..1509 ;PMID: 9189100 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[1465..1469] PMID) (::[1469..1470] :) (CD:[1471..1478] 9189100) (IN:[1479..1480] -LSB-) (NNP:[1480..1486] PubMed) (HYPH:[1487..1488] -) (JJ:[1489..1496] indexed) (IN:[1497..1500] for) (NNP:[1501..1509] MEDLINE-RSB-)))