;PMID: 10353750 ;source_file_1301.mrg ;Release 0.9 of PennBioIE ;Funded by NSF ITR EIA-0205448 ;0)section:[e:0..38] = [t:0..38] ;1)sentence:[e:43..217] = [t:43..217] ;2)section:[e:221..294] = [t:221..294] ;3)section:[e:298..407] = [t:298..407] ;4)sentence:[e:411..583] = [t:411..583] ;5)sentence:[e:584..650] = [t:584..650] ;6)sentence:[e:651..771] = [t:651..771] ;7)sentence:[e:772..817] = [t:772..817] ;8)sentence:[e:818..903] = [t:818..903] ;9)sentence:[e:904..1003] = [t:904..1003] ;10)sentence:[e:1004..1081] = [t:1004..1081] ;11)sentence:[e:1082..1178] = [t:1082..1178] ;12)sentence:[e:1179..1351] = [t:1179..1351] ;13)sentence:[e:1352..1562] = [t:1352..1562] ;14)sentence:[e:1563..1631] = [t:1563..1631] ;15)sentence:[e:1632..1760] = [t:1632..1760] ;16)section:[e:1764..1809] = [t:1764..1809] ;section 0 Span:0..38 ;Clin Cancer Res 1999 May;5(5):1147-53 (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[0..4] Clin) (NNP:[5..11] Cancer) (NNP:[12..15] Res) (CD:[17..21] 1999) (NNP:[22..25] May) (::[25..26] ;) (CD:[26..27] 5) (-LRB-:[27..28] -LRB-) (CD:[28..29] 5) (-RRB-:[29..30] -RRB-) (::[30..31] :) (CD:[31..35] 1147) (::[35..36] -) (CD:[36..38] 53))) ;sentence 1 Span:43..217 ;Detection of mutations of p53 tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic juice and ;its application to diagnosis of patients with pancreatic cancer: comparison ;with K-ras mutation. ;[69..72]:gene-rna:"p53" ;[166..183]:malignancy-type:"pancreatic cancer" ;[202..207]:gene-rna:"K-ras" (SENT (NP-HLN (NP (NP (NP (NN:[43..52] Detection)) (PP (IN:[53..55] of) (NP (NP (NNS:[56..65] mutations)) (PP (IN:[66..68] of) (NP (NN:[69..72] p53) (NML (NN:[73..78] tumor) (NN:[79..89] suppressor)) (NN:[90..94] gene))))) (PP-LOC (IN:[95..97] in) (NP (JJ:[98..108] pancreatic) (NN:[109..114] juice)))) (CC:[115..118] and) (NP (NP (PRP$:[119..122] its) (NN:[124..135] application)) (PP (TO:[136..138] to) (NP (NP (NN:[139..148] diagnosis)) (PP (IN:[149..151] of) (NP (NP (NNS:[152..160] patients)) (PP (IN:[161..165] with) (NP (JJ:[166..176] pancreatic) (NN:[177..183] cancer))))))))) (::[183..184] :) (NP (NP (NN:[185..195] comparison)) (PP (IN:[196..200] with) (NP (NN:[202..207] K-ras) (NN:[208..216] mutation)))) (.:[216..217] .))) ;section 2 Span:221..294 ;Yamaguchi Y, Watanabe H, Yrdiran S, Ohtsubo K, Motoo Y, Okai T, Sawabu N. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[221..230] Yamaguchi) (NNP:[231..232] Y) (,:[232..233] ,) (NNP:[234..242] Watanabe) (NNP:[243..245] H,) (NNP:[246..253] Yrdiran) (NNP:[254..255] S) (,:[255..256] ,) (NNP:[257..264] Ohtsubo) (NNP:[265..267] K,) (NNP:[268..273] Motoo) (NNP:[274..275] Y) (,:[275..276] ,) (NNP:[277..281] Okai) (NNP:[282..283] T) (,:[283..284] ,) (NNP:[285..291] Sawabu) (NNP:[292..293] N) (.:[293..294] .))) ;section 3 Span:298..407 ;Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, Cancer Research ;Institute, Kanazawa University, Japan. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[298..308] Department) (IN:[309..311] of) (NNP:[312..320] Internal) (NNP:[321..329] Medicine) (CC:[330..333] and) (NNP:[334..341] Medical) (NNP:[342..350] Oncology) (,:[350..351] ,) (NNP:[352..358] Cancer) (NNP:[359..367] Research) (NNP:[368..377] Institute) (,:[377..378] ,) (NNP:[380..388] Kanazawa) (NNP:[389..399] University) (,:[399..400] ,) (NNP:[401..406] Japan) (.:[406..407] .))) ;sentence 4 Span:411..583 ;Because of the difficulty in obtaining biopsy specimens from pancreatic ;cancer patients, K-ras mutation analysis in pancreatic juice has been used ;for specific diagnosis. ;[472..489]:malignancy-type:"pancreatic cancer" ;[501..506]:gene-rna:"K-ras" (SENT (S (PP (IN:[411..418] Because) (IN:[419..421] of) (NP (NP (DT:[422..425] the) (NN:[426..436] difficulty)) (PP (IN:[437..439] in) (S-NOM (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[439..439] *)) (VP (VBG:[440..449] obtaining) (NP (NN:[450..456] biopsy) (NNS:[457..466] specimens)) (PP (IN:[467..471] from) (NP (NML (JJ:[472..482] pancreatic) (NN:[483..489] cancer)) (NNS:[491..499] patients)))))))) (,:[499..500] ,) (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (NML (NN:[501..506] K-ras) (NN:[507..515] mutation)) (NN:[516..524] analysis)) (PP-LOC (IN:[525..527] in) (NP (JJ:[528..538] pancreatic) (NN:[539..544] juice)))) (VP (VBZ:[545..548] has) (VP (VBN:[549..553] been) (VP (VBN:[554..558] used) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[558..558] *)) (PP (IN:[559..562] for) (NP (JJ:[563..571] specific) (NN:[573..582] diagnosis)))))) (.:[582..583] .))) ;sentence 5 Span:584..650 ;But recently, false positives have been obtained with this method. (SENT (S (IN:[584..587] But) (ADVP-TMP (RB:[588..596] recently)) (,:[596..597] ,) (NP-SBJ-1 (JJ:[598..603] false) (NNS:[604..613] positives)) (VP (VBP:[614..618] have) (VP (VBN:[619..623] been) (VP (VBN:[624..632] obtained) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[632..632] *)) (PP-MNR (IN:[633..637] with) (NP (DT:[638..642] this) (NN:[643..649] method)))))) (.:[649..650] .))) ;sentence 6 Span:651..771 ;To improve the genetic diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, detection of p53 gene ; mutation in pancreatic juice was studied. ;[688..705]:malignancy-type:"pancreatic cancer" ;[720..723]:gene-rna:"p53" (SENT (S (S-PRP (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[651..651] *)) (VP (TO:[651..653] To) (VP (VB:[655..662] improve) (NP (NP (DT:[663..666] the) (JJ:[667..674] genetic) (NN:[675..684] diagnosis)) (PP (IN:[685..687] of) (NP (JJ:[688..698] pancreatic) (NN:[699..705] cancer))))))) (,:[705..706] ,) (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (NN:[707..716] detection)) (PP (IN:[717..719] of) (NP (NN:[720..723] p53) (NN:[724..728] gene) (NN:[730..738] mutation))) (PP-LOC (IN:[739..741] in) (NP (JJ:[742..752] pancreatic) (NN:[753..758] juice)))) (VP (VBD:[759..762] was) (VP (VBN:[763..770] studied) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[770..770] *)))) (.:[770..771] .))) ;sentence 7 Span:772..817 ;Pancreatic juice was sampled endoscopically. (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (JJ:[772..782] Pancreatic) (NN:[783..788] juice)) (VP (VBD:[789..792] was) (VP (VBN:[793..800] sampled) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[800..800] *)) (ADVP-MNR (RB:[802..816] endoscopically)))) (.:[816..817] .))) ;sentence 8 Span:818..903 ;Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis was used for p53 mutation ;analysis. ;[881..884]:gene-rna:"p53" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NML (NML (JJ:[818..824] Single) (HYPH:[824..825] -) (NN:[825..831] strand)) (NN:[832..844] conformation) (NN:[845..857] polymorphism)) (NN:[858..866] analysis)) (VP (VBD:[867..870] was) (VP (VBN:[871..875] used) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[875..875] *)) (PP (IN:[876..879] for) (NP (NML (NN:[881..884] p53) (NN:[885..893] mutation)) (NN:[894..902] analysis))))) (.:[902..903] .))) ;sentence 9 Span:904..1003 ;Furthermore, K-ras mutations at codon 12 were also studied in the same ;pancreatic cancer patients. ;[917..922]:gene-rna:"K-ras" ;[923..932]:variation-event:"mutations" ;[936..944]:variation-location:"codon 12" ;[976..993]:malignancy-type:"pancreatic cancer" (SENT (S (ADVP (RB:[904..915] Furthermore)) (,:[915..916] ,) (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (NN:[917..922] K-ras) (NNS:[923..932] mutations)) (PP-LOC (IN:[933..935] at) (NP (NN:[936..941] codon) (CD:[942..944] 12)))) (VP (VBD:[945..949] were) (ADVP (RB:[950..954] also)) (VP (VBN:[956..963] studied) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[963..963] *)) (PP (IN:[964..966] in) (NP (DT:[967..970] the) (JJ:[971..975] same) (NML (JJ:[976..986] pancreatic) (NN:[987..993] cancer)) (NNS:[994..1002] patients))))) (.:[1002..1003] .))) ;sentence 10 Span:1004..1081 ;Of 26 cases of pancreatic cancer, p53 mutations were detected in 11 ;(42.3%). ;[1019..1037]:malignancy-type:"pancreatic cancer" ;[1039..1042]:gene-rna:"p53" (SENT (S (PP-TPC-1 (IN:[1004..1006] Of) (NP (NP (CD:[1007..1009] 26) (NNS:[1010..1015] cases)) (PP (IN:[1016..1018] of) (NP (JJ:[1019..1029] pancreatic) (NN:[1031..1037] cancer))))) (,:[1037..1038] ,) (NP-SBJ-2 (NN:[1039..1042] p53) (NNS:[1043..1052] mutations)) (VP (VBD:[1053..1057] were) (VP (VBN:[1058..1066] detected) (NP-2 (-NONE-:[1066..1066] *)) (PP (IN:[1067..1069] in) (NP (NP (CD:[1070..1072] 11) (PRN (-LRB-:[1073..1074] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[1074..1078] 42.3) (NN:[1078..1079] %)) (-RRB-:[1079..1080] -RRB-))) (PP-1 (-NONE-:[1080..1080] *T*)))))) (.:[1080..1081] .))) ;sentence 11 Span:1082..1178 ;No mutations were seen in the cases with mucin-producing adenoma nor with ;chronic pancreatitis. ;[1124..1129]:gene-protein:"mucin" ;[1140..1147]:malignancy-type:"adenoma" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (DT:[1082..1084] No) (NNS:[1085..1094] mutations)) (VP (VBD:[1095..1099] were) (VP (VBN:[1100..1104] seen) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[1104..1104] *)) (PP (IN:[1105..1107] in) (NP (NP (DT:[1108..1111] the) (NNS:[1113..1118] cases)) (PP (PP (IN:[1119..1123] with) (NP (ADJP (NN:[1124..1129] mucin) (HYPH:[1129..1130] -) (VBG:[1130..1139] producing)) (NN:[1140..1147] adenoma))) (CC:[1148..1151] nor) (PP (IN:[1152..1156] with) (NP (JJ:[1157..1164] chronic) (NN:[1165..1177] pancreatitis)))))))) (.:[1177..1178] .))) ;sentence 12 Span:1179..1351 ;K-ras mutations were detected in 84.0% of cases by RFLP analysis, which has ;high sensitivity, and in 65.3% by hybridization protection assay, which has ;high specificity. ;[1179..1184]:gene-rna:"K-ras" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NN:[1179..1184] K-ras) (NNS:[1186..1195] mutations)) (VP (VBD:[1196..1200] were) (VP (VP (VBN:[1201..1209] detected) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[1209..1209] *)) (PP=4 (IN:[1210..1212] in) (NP (NP (CD:[1213..1217] 84.0) (NN:[1217..1218] %)) (PP (IN:[1219..1221] of) (NP (NNS:[1222..1227] cases))))) (PP-MNR=5 (IN:[1228..1230] by) (NP (NP (NN:[1231..1235] RFLP) (NN:[1236..1244] analysis)) (,:[1244..1245] ,) (SBAR (WHNP-3 (WDT:[1246..1251] which)) (S (NP-SBJ-3 (-NONE-:[1251..1251] *T*)) (VP (VBZ:[1252..1255] has) (NP (JJ:[1256..1260] high) (NN:[1262..1273] sensitivity)))))))) (,:[1273..1274] ,) (CC:[1275..1278] and) (VP (PP=4 (IN:[1279..1281] in) (NP (CD:[1282..1286] 65.3) (NN:[1286..1287] %))) (PP-MNR=5 (IN:[1288..1290] by) (NP (NP (NML (NN:[1291..1304] hybridization) (NN:[1305..1315] protection)) (NN:[1316..1321] assay)) (,:[1321..1322] ,) (SBAR (WHNP-2 (WDT:[1323..1328] which)) (S (NP-SBJ-2 (-NONE-:[1328..1328] *T*)) (VP (VBZ:[1329..1332] has) (NP (JJ:[1333..1337] high) (NN:[1339..1350] specificity)))))))))) (.:[1350..1351] .))) ;sentence 13 Span:1352..1562 ;Using a combination assay with both genes, genetic abnormalities were ;detected in 92.0% by RFLP and 73.1% by hybridization protection assay ;including two cases in which p53 alone was positive by both methods. ;[1523..1526]:gene-rna:"p53" (SENT (S (S-MNR (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[1352..1352] *)) (VP (VBG:[1352..1357] Using) (NP (DT:[1358..1359] a) (NN:[1360..1371] combination) (NN:[1372..1377] assay)) (PP (IN:[1378..1382] with) (NP (DT:[1383..1387] both) (NNS:[1388..1393] genes))))) (,:[1393..1394] ,) (NP-SBJ-1 (JJ:[1395..1402] genetic) (NNS:[1403..1416] abnormalities)) (VP (VBD:[1418..1422] were) (VP (VP (VBN:[1423..1431] detected) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[1431..1431] *)) (PP (IN:[1432..1434] in) (NP=2 (CD:[1435..1439] 92.0) (NN:[1439..1440] %))) (PP-MNR=3 (IN:[1441..1443] by) (NP (NN:[1444..1448] RFLP)))) (CC:[1449..1452] and) (VP (NP=2 (CD:[1453..1457] 73.1) (NN:[1457..1458] %)) (PP-MNR=3 (IN:[1459..1461] by) (NP (NML (NN:[1462..1475] hybridization) (NN:[1476..1486] protection)) (NN:[1487..1492] assay)))) (PP (VBG:[1494..1503] including) (NP (NP (CD:[1504..1507] two) (NNS:[1508..1513] cases)) (SBAR (WHPP-4 (IN:[1514..1516] in) (WHNP (WDT:[1517..1522] which))) (S (NP-SBJ (NP (NN:[1523..1526] p53)) (ADJP (RB:[1527..1532] alone))) (VP (VBD:[1533..1536] was) (ADJP-PRD (JJ:[1537..1545] positive)) (PP-MNR (IN:[1546..1548] by) (NP (DT:[1549..1553] both) (NNS:[1554..1561] methods))) (PP-4 (-NONE-:[1561..1561] *T*))))))))) (.:[1561..1562] .))) ;sentence 14 Span:1563..1631 ;The specificity of p53 mutation for pancreatic cancer is very high. ;[1583..1586]:gene-rna:"p53" ;[1600..1617]:malignancy-type:"pancreatic cancer" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (DT:[1563..1566] The) (NN:[1568..1579] specificity)) (PP (IN:[1580..1582] of) (NP (NN:[1583..1586] p53) (NN:[1587..1595] mutation))) (PP (IN:[1596..1599] for) (NP (JJ:[1600..1610] pancreatic) (NN:[1611..1617] cancer)))) (VP (VBZ:[1618..1620] is) (ADJP-PRD (RB:[1621..1625] very) (JJ:[1626..1630] high))) (.:[1630..1631] .))) ;sentence 15 Span:1632..1760 ;Therefore, simultaneous analysis of p53 and K-ras mutation is suggested to ;enhance the genetic diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. ;[1669..1672]:gene-rna:"p53" ;[1677..1682]:gene-rna:"K-ras" ;[1742..1759]:malignancy-type:"pancreatic cancer" (SENT (S (ADVP (RB:[1632..1641] Therefore)) (,:[1641..1642] ,) (NP-SBJ-2 (NP (JJ:[1644..1656] simultaneous) (NN:[1657..1665] analysis)) (PP (IN:[1666..1668] of) (NP (NP (NN:[1669..1672] p53) (NML-1 (-NONE-:[1672..1672] *P*))) (CC:[1673..1676] and) (NP (NN:[1677..1682] K-ras) (NML-1 (NN:[1683..1691] mutation)))))) (VP (VBZ:[1692..1694] is) (VP (VBN:[1695..1704] suggested) (S (NP-SBJ-2 (-NONE-:[1704..1704] *)) (VP (TO:[1705..1707] to) (VP (VB:[1708..1715] enhance) (NP (NP (DT:[1716..1719] the) (JJ:[1721..1728] genetic) (NN:[1729..1738] diagnosis)) (PP (IN:[1739..1741] of) (NP (JJ:[1742..1752] pancreatic) (NN:[1753..1759] cancer))))))))) (.:[1759..1760] .))) ;section 16 Span:1764..1809 ;PMID: 10353750 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[1764..1768] PMID) (::[1768..1769] :) (CD:[1770..1778] 10353750) (NN:[1779..1780] -LSB-) (NNP:[1780..1786] PubMed) (::[1787..1788] -) (NN:[1789..1796] indexed) (IN:[1797..1800] for) (NNP:[1801..1809] MEDLINE-RSB-)))