;PMID: 8194046 ;source_file_1230.mrg ;Release 0.9 of PennBioIE ;Funded by NSF ITR EIA-0205448 ;0)section:[e:0..43] = [t:0..43] ;1)sentence:[e:48..149] = [t:48..149] ;2)sentence:[e:150..191] = [t:150..191] ;3)section:[e:195..283] = [t:195..283] ;4)section:[e:287..372] = [t:287..372] ;5)sentence:[e:376..493] = [t:376..493] ;6)sentence:[e:494..534] = [t:494..534] ;7)sentence:[e:536..621] = [t:536..621] ;8)sentence:[e:622..782] = [t:622..782] ;9)sentence:[e:783..903] = [t:783..903] ;10)sentence:[e:904..1141] = [t:904..1141] ;11)sentence:[e:1142..1262] = [t:1142..1262] ;12)sentence:[e:1263..1527] = [t:1263..1527] ;13)sentence:[e:1528..1591] = [t:1528..1591] ;14)sentence:[e:1592..1664] = [t:1592..1664] ;15)sentence:[e:1665..1742] = [t:1665..1742] ;16)sentence:[e:1743..1996] = [t:1743..1996] ;17)section:[e:2000..2044] = [t:2000..2044] ;section 0 Span:0..43 ;Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1994 May;74(1):40-9 (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[0..6] Cancer) (NNP:[7..12] Genet) (NNP:[13..22] Cytogenet) (CD:[24..28] 1994) (CC:[29..36] May;74-LRB-) (CD:[36..37] 1) (-RRB-:[37..38] -RRB-) (CD:[38..41] :40) (::[41..42] -) (CD:[42..43] 9))) ;sentence 1 Span:48..149 ;Cytogenetic studies, ras mutation, and clinical characteristics in primary ;myelodysplastic syndrome. ;[69..72]:gene-rna:"ras" ;[115..148]:malignancy:"primary myelodysplastic syndrome" (SENT (NP-HLN (NP (NP (JJ:[48..59] Cytogenetic) (NNS:[60..67] studies)) (,:[67..68] ,) (NP (NN:[69..72] ras) (NN:[73..81] mutation)) (,:[81..82] ,) (CC:[83..86] and) (NP (JJ:[87..95] clinical) (NNS:[96..111] characteristics))) (PP (IN:[112..114] in) (NP (JJ:[115..122] primary) (JJ:[124..139] myelodysplastic) (NN:[140..148] syndrome))) (.:[148..149] .))) ;sentence 2 Span:150..191 ;A study on 68 Chinese patients in Taiwan. (SENT (NP-HLN (NP (DT:[150..151] A) (NN:[152..157] study)) (PP (IN:[158..160] on) (NP (NP (CD:[161..163] 68) (JJ:[164..171] Chinese) (NNS:[172..180] patients)) (PP-LOC (IN:[181..183] in) (NP (NNP:[184..190] Taiwan))))) (.:[190..191] .))) ;section 3 Span:195..283 ;Tien HF, Wang CH, Chuang SM, Chow JM, Lee FY, Liu MC, Chen YC, Shen MC, Lin ;DT, Lin KH. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[195..199] Tien) (NNP:[200..202] HF) (,:[202..203] ,) (NNP:[204..208] Wang) (NNP:[209..211] CH) (,:[211..212] ,) (NNP:[213..219] Chuang) (NNP:[220..222] SM) (,:[222..223] ,) (NNP:[224..228] Chow) (NNP:[229..231] JM) (,:[231..232] ,) (NNP:[233..236] Lee) (NNP:[237..239] FY) (,:[239..240] ,) (NNP:[241..244] Liu) (NNP:[245..247] MC) (,:[247..248] ,) (NNP:[249..253] Chen) (NNP:[254..256] YC) (,:[256..257] ,) (NNP:[258..262] Shen) (NNP:[263..265] MC) (,:[265..266] ,) (NNP:[267..270] Lin) (NNP:[271..273] DT) (,:[273..274] ,) (NNP:[276..279] Lin) (NNP:[280..283] KH.))) ;section 4 Span:287..372 ;Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, ; R.O.C. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[287..297] Department) (IN:[298..300] of) (NNP:[301..309] Internal) (NNP:[310..318] Medicine) (,:[318..319] ,) (NNP:[320..328] National) (NNP:[329..335] Taiwan) (NNP:[336..346] University) (NNP:[347..355] Hospital) (,:[355..356] ,) (NNP:[357..363] Taipei) (,:[363..364] ,) (NNP:[366..372] R.O.C.))) ;sentence 5 Span:376..493 ;Cytogenetics and clinical features were studied for 68 Chinese patients with ;primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). ;[454..486]:malignancy:"primary myelodysplastic syndrome" ;[488..491]:malignancy:"MDS" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (NNS:[376..388] Cytogenetics)) (CC:[389..392] and) (NP (JJ:[393..401] clinical) (NNS:[402..410] features))) (VP (VBD:[411..415] were) (VP (VBN:[416..423] studied) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[423..423] *)) (PP (IN:[424..427] for) (NP (NP (CD:[428..430] 68) (JJ:[431..438] Chinese) (NNS:[439..447] patients)) (PP (IN:[448..452] with) (NP (JJ:[454..461] primary) (NML (NML (JJ:[462..477] myelodysplastic) (NN:[478..486] syndrome)) (NML (-LRB-:[487..488] -LRB-) (NN:[488..491] MDS) (-RRB-:[491..492] -RRB-))))))))) (.:[492..493] .))) ;sentence 6 Span:494..534 ;Ras mutation was analyzed in 25 of them. ;[494..497]:gene-rna:"Ras" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NN:[494..497] Ras) (NN:[498..506] mutation)) (VP (VBD:[507..510] was) (VP (VBN:[511..519] analyzed) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[519..519] *)) (PP (IN:[520..522] in) (NP (NP (CD:[523..525] 25)) (PP (IN:[526..528] of) (NP (PRP:[529..533] them))))))) (.:[533..534] .))) ;sentence 7 Span:536..621 ;Thirty-four patients (50%) had clonal chromosomal abnormalities at initial ;analysis. (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (CD:[536..547] Thirty-four) (NNS:[548..556] patients) (PRN (-LRB-:[557..558] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[558..560] 50) (NN:[560..561] %)) (-RRB-:[561..562] -RRB-))) (VP (VBD:[563..566] had) (NP (JJ:[567..573] clonal) (JJ:[574..585] chromosomal) (NNS:[586..599] abnormalities)) (PP-TMP (IN:[600..602] at) (NP (JJ:[603..610] initial) (NN:[612..620] analysis)))) (.:[620..621] .))) ;sentence 8 Span:622..782 ;The most common cytogenetic aberrations were -7, +8, 5q-, and 20q-, which ;occurred in 11 (16.2%), seven (10.3%), five (7.4%) and three patients, ;respectively. ;[638..661]:variation-event:"cytogenetic aberrations" ;[667..668]:variation-type:"-" ;[668..669]:variation-location:"7" ;[671..672]:variation-type:"+" ;[672..673]:variation-location:"8" ;[675..677]:variation-location:"5q" ;[677..678]:variation-type:"-" ;[684..687]:variation-location:"20q" ;[687..688]:variation-type:"-" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (DT:[622..625] The) (ADJP (RBS:[626..630] most) (JJ:[631..637] common)) (JJ:[638..649] cytogenetic) (NNS:[650..661] aberrations)) (VP (VBD:[662..666] were) (NP-PRD (NP (NP (SYM:[667..668] -) (CD:[668..669] 7)) (,:[669..670] ,) (NP (SYM:[671..672] +) (CD:[672..673] 8)) (,:[673..674] ,) (NP (NN:[675..677] 5q)) (SYM:[677..678] -) (,:[678..679] ,) (CC:[680..683] and) (NP (NN:[684..687] 20q) (SYM:[687..688] -))) (,:[688..689] ,) (SBAR (WHNP-1 (WDT:[691..696] which)) (S (NP-SBJ-1 (-NONE-:[696..696] *T*)) (VP (VBD:[697..705] occurred) (PP-LOC (IN:[706..708] in) (NP (CD:[709..711] 11) (PRN (-LRB-:[712..713] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[713..717] 16.2) (NN:[717..718] %)) (-RRB-:[718..719] -RRB-)) (NML-2 (-NONE-:[719..719] *P*))) (,:[719..720] ,) (NP (CD:[721..726] seven) (PRN (-LRB-:[727..728] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[728..732] 10.3) (NN:[732..733] %)) (-RRB-:[733..734] -RRB-)) (NML-2 (-NONE-:[734..734] *P*))) (,:[734..735] ,) (NP (CD:[736..740] five) (PRN (-LRB-:[741..742] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[742..745] 7.4) (NN:[745..746] %)) (-RRB-:[746..747] -RRB-)) (NML-2 (-NONE-:[747..747] *P*))) (CC:[748..751] and) (NP (CD:[752..757] three) (NML-2 (NNS:[758..766] patients)))) (,:[766..767] ,) (ADVP (RB:[769..781] respectively))))))) (.:[781..782] .))) ;sentence 9 Span:783..903 ;The incidence of -7 was higher and that of 5q- lower in our patients than in ;patients from most other geographic areas. ;[800..801]:variation-type:"-" ;[801..802]:variation-location:"7" ;[826..828]:variation-location:"5q" (SENT (S (S (NP-SBJ=2 (NP (DT:[783..786] The) (NN:[787..796] incidence)) (PP (IN:[797..799] of) (NP (SYM:[800..801] -) (CD:[801..802] 7)))) (VP (VBD:[803..806] was) (ADJP-PRD=1 (ADJP (JJR:[807..813] higher)) (PP-3 (-NONE-:[813..813] *RNR*))) (PP-4 (-NONE-:[813..813] *RNR*)))) (CC:[814..817] and) (S (NP-SBJ=2 (NP (DT:[818..822] that)) (PP (IN:[823..825] of) (NP (NN:[826..828] 5q) (SYM:[828..829] -)))) (ADJP-PRD=1 (ADJP (JJR:[830..835] lower)) (PP-3 (-NONE-:[835..835] *RNR*))) (PP-4 (-NONE-:[835..835] *RNR*))) (PP-4 (IN:[836..838] in) (NP (PRP$:[839..842] our) (NNS:[844..852] patients))) (PP-3 (IN:[853..857] than) (PP (IN:[858..860] in) (NP (NP (NNS:[861..869] patients)) (PP (IN:[870..874] from) (NP (JJS:[875..879] most) (JJ:[880..885] other) (JJ:[886..896] geographic) (NNS:[897..902] areas)))))) (.:[902..903] .))) ;sentence 10 Span:904..1141 ;The 17 patients with multiple chromosomal abnormalities had a significantly ;shorter median survival (9 months) than the 34 patients with normal ;karyotype (33 months) and the 17 patients with patients with single ;anomalies (26 months). (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (DT:[904..907] The) (CD:[908..910] 17) (NNS:[911..919] patients)) (PP (IN:[920..924] with) (NP (JJ:[926..934] multiple) (JJ:[935..946] chromosomal) (NNS:[947..960] abnormalities)))) (VP (VBD:[961..964] had) (NP (NP (DT:[965..966] a) (ADJP (RB:[967..980] significantly) (JJR:[981..988] shorter)) (JJ:[989..995] median) (NN:[996..1004] survival) (PRN (-LRB-:[1006..1007] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[1007..1008] 9) (NNS:[1009..1015] months)) (-RRB-:[1015..1016] -RRB-))) (PP (IN:[1017..1021] than) (NP (NP (NP (DT:[1022..1025] the) (CD:[1026..1028] 34) (NNS:[1029..1037] patients)) (PP (IN:[1038..1042] with) (NP (JJ:[1043..1049] normal) (NN:[1050..1059] karyotype))) (PRN (-LRB-:[1060..1061] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[1061..1063] 33) (NNS:[1064..1070] months)) (-RRB-:[1070..1071] -RRB-))) (CC:[1072..1075] and) (NP (NP (DT:[1076..1079] the) (CD:[1080..1082] 17) (NNS:[1084..1092] patients)) (PP (IN:[1093..1097] with) (NP (NP (NNS:[1098..1106] patients)) (PP (IN:[1107..1111] with) (NP (JJ:[1112..1118] single) (NNS:[1119..1128] anomalies))))) (PRN (-LRB-:[1129..1130] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[1130..1132] 26) (NNS:[1133..1139] months)) (-RRB-:[1139..1140] -RRB-))))))) (.:[1140..1141] .))) ;sentence 11 Span:1142..1262 ;Evolution to acute leukemia occurred in 20 patients (29%) after a median ;interval of 8 months following the diagnosis. ;[1155..1170]:malignancy:"acute leukemia" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (NN:[1142..1151] Evolution)) (PP (TO:[1152..1154] to) (NP (JJ:[1155..1160] acute) (NN:[1162..1170] leukemia)))) (VP (VBD:[1171..1179] occurred) (PP-LOC (IN:[1180..1182] in) (NP (CD:[1183..1185] 20) (NNS:[1186..1194] patients) (PRN (-LRB-:[1195..1196] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[1196..1198] 29) (NN:[1198..1199] %)) (-RRB-:[1199..1200] -RRB-)))) (PP-TMP (IN:[1201..1206] after) (NP (NP (NP (DT:[1207..1208] a) (JJ:[1209..1215] median) (NN:[1216..1224] interval)) (PP (IN:[1225..1227] of) (NP (CD:[1228..1229] 8) (NNS:[1230..1236] months)))) (VP (VBG:[1238..1247] following) (NP (DT:[1248..1251] the) (NN:[1252..1261] diagnosis)))))) (.:[1261..1262] .))) ;sentence 12 Span:1263..1527 ;Patients with multiple cytogenetic changes at initial analysis or in ;subsequent studies had a significantly higher frequency of acute ;transformation than others (55% vs. 18.6%, p = 0.007); the same was not true ;if only the data of initial study were considered. (SENT (S (S (NP-SBJ (NP (NNS:[1263..1271] Patients)) (PP (IN:[1272..1276] with) (NP (NP (JJ:[1277..1285] multiple) (JJ:[1286..1297] cytogenetic) (NNS:[1298..1305] changes)) (PP-TMP (PP (IN:[1306..1308] at) (NP (JJ:[1309..1316] initial) (NN:[1318..1326] analysis))) (CC:[1327..1329] or) (PP (IN:[1330..1332] in) (NP (JJ:[1333..1343] subsequent) (NNS:[1344..1351] studies))))))) (VP (VBD:[1352..1355] had) (NP (NP (DT:[1356..1357] a) (ADJP (RB:[1358..1371] significantly) (JJR:[1372..1378] higher)) (NN:[1379..1388] frequency)) (PP (IN:[1389..1391] of) (NP (JJ:[1392..1397] acute) (NN:[1399..1413] transformation))) (PP (IN:[1414..1418] than) (NP (NNS:[1419..1425] others)))) (PRN (-LRB-:[1426..1427] -LRB-) (FRAG (NP (NP (CD:[1427..1429] 55) (NN:[1429..1430] %)) (PP (IN:[1431..1434] vs.) (NP (CD:[1435..1439] 18.6) (NN:[1439..1440] %)))) (,:[1440..1441] ,) (S (NP-SBJ (NN:[1442..1443] p)) (VP (SYM:[1444..1445] =) (NP (CD:[1446..1451] 0.007))))) (-RRB-:[1451..1452] -RRB-)))) (::[1452..1453] ;) (S (NP-SBJ (DT:[1454..1457] the) (JJ:[1458..1462] same)) (VP (VBD:[1463..1466] was) (RB:[1467..1470] not) (ADJP-PRD (JJ:[1471..1475] true)) (SBAR-ADV (IN:[1476..1478] if) (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (ADVP (RB:[1480..1484] only)) (DT:[1485..1488] the) (NNS:[1489..1493] data)) (PP (IN:[1494..1496] of) (NP (JJ:[1497..1504] initial) (NN:[1505..1510] study)))) (VP (VBD:[1511..1515] were) (VP (VBN:[1516..1526] considered) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[1526..1526] *)))))))) (.:[1526..1527] .))) ;sentence 13 Span:1528..1591 ;Serial cytogenetic studies are important in patient follow-up. (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (JJ:[1528..1534] Serial) (JJ:[1535..1546] cytogenetic) (NNS:[1547..1554] studies)) (VP (VBP:[1555..1558] are) (ADJP-PRD (JJ:[1560..1569] important)) (PP (IN:[1570..1572] in) (NP (NN:[1573..1580] patient) (VB:[1581..1587] follow) (HYPH:[1587..1588] -) (RP:[1588..1590] up)))) (.:[1590..1591] .))) ;sentence 14 Span:1592..1664 ;N-ras mutation was detected in 5 (20%) of 25 patients within the study. ;[1592..1597]:gene-rna:"N-ras" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NN:[1592..1597] N-ras) (NN:[1598..1606] mutation)) (VP (VBD:[1607..1610] was) (VP (VBN:[1611..1619] detected) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[1619..1619] *)) (PP-LOC (IN:[1620..1622] in) (NP (NP (CD:[1623..1624] 5) (PRN (-LRB-:[1625..1626] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[1626..1628] 20) (NN:[1628..1629] %)) (-RRB-:[1629..1630] -RRB-))) (PP (IN:[1631..1633] of) (NP (NP (CD:[1634..1636] 25) (NNS:[1638..1646] patients)) (PP (IN:[1647..1653] within) (NP (DT:[1654..1657] the) (NN:[1658..1663] study))))))))) (.:[1663..1664] .))) ;sentence 15 Span:1665..1742 ;There was no correlation between the gene mutation and acute ;transformation. ;[1702..1706]:gene-rna:"gene" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (EX:[1665..1670] There)) (VP (VBD:[1671..1674] was) (NP-PRD (NP (DT:[1675..1677] no) (NN:[1678..1689] correlation)) (PP (IN:[1690..1697] between) (NP (NP (DT:[1698..1701] the) (NN:[1702..1706] gene) (NN:[1707..1715] mutation)) (CC:[1717..1720] and) (NP (JJ:[1721..1726] acute) (NN:[1727..1741] transformation)))))) (.:[1741..1742] .))) ;sentence 16 Span:1743..1996 ;But combing the data of N-ras mutation and cytogenetics, patients with ;either the N-ras mutation or clonal chromosomal abnormalities were at ;significantly higher risk for developing acute leukemia than those with ;neither of the changes (77% vs. 25%). ;[1767..1772]:gene-rna:"N-ras" ;[1826..1831]:gene-rna:"N-ras" ;[1927..1941]:malignancy:"acute leukemia" (SENT (S (CC:[1743..1746] But) (S-ADV (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[1746..1746] *)) (VP (VBG:[1747..1754] combing) (NP (NP (DT:[1755..1758] the) (NNS:[1759..1763] data)) (PP (IN:[1764..1766] of) (NP (NP (NN:[1767..1772] N-ras) (NN:[1773..1781] mutation)) (CC:[1782..1785] and) (NP (NNS:[1787..1799] cytogenetics))))))) (,:[1799..1800] ,) (NP-SBJ (NP (NNS:[1801..1809] patients)) (PP (IN:[1810..1814] with) (NP (CC:[1815..1821] either) (NP (DT:[1822..1825] the) (NN:[1826..1831] N-ras) (NN:[1832..1840] mutation)) (CC:[1841..1843] or) (NP (JJ:[1844..1850] clonal) (JJ:[1851..1862] chromosomal) (NNS:[1864..1877] abnormalities))))) (VP (VBD:[1878..1882] were) (PP-PRD (IN:[1883..1885] at) (NP (NP (ADJP (RB:[1886..1899] significantly) (JJR:[1900..1906] higher)) (NN:[1907..1911] risk)) (PP (IN:[1912..1915] for) (S-NOM (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[1915..1915] *)) (VP (VBG:[1916..1926] developing) (NP (JJ:[1927..1932] acute) (NN:[1933..1941] leukemia))))) (PP (IN:[1943..1947] than) (NP (NP (DT:[1948..1953] those)) (PP (IN:[1954..1958] with) (NP (NP (DT:[1959..1966] neither)) (PP (IN:[1967..1969] of) (NP (DT:[1970..1973] the) (NNS:[1974..1981] changes) (PRN (-LRB-:[1982..1983] -LRB-) (NP (NP (CD:[1983..1985] 77) (NN:[1985..1986] %)) (PP (IN:[1987..1990] vs.) (NP (CD:[1991..1993] 25) (NN:[1993..1994] %)))) (-RRB-:[1994..1995] -RRB-))))))))))) (.:[1995..1996] .))) ;section 17 Span:2000..2044 ;PMID: 8194046 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[2000..2004] PMID) (::[2004..2005] :) (CD:[2006..2013] 8194046) (NN:[2014..2015] -LSB-) (NNP:[2015..2021] PubMed) (::[2022..2023] -) (NN:[2024..2031] indexed) (IN:[2032..2035] for) (NNP:[2036..2044] MEDLINE-RSB-)))