;PMID: 9658319 ;source_file_1217.mrg ;Release 0.9 of PennBioIE ;Funded by NSF ITR EIA-0205448 ;0)section:[e:0..37] = [t:0..37] ;1)sentence:[e:42..149] = [t:42..149] ;2)section:[e:153..211] = [t:153..211] ;3)section:[e:215..307] = [t:215..307] ;4)sentence:[e:311..460] = [t:311..460] ;5)sentence:[e:461..578] = [t:461..578] ;6)sentence:[e:579..761] = [t:579..761] ;7)sentence:[e:762..910] = [t:762..910] ;8)sentence:[e:911..1033] = [t:911..1033] ;9)sentence:[e:1034..1108] = [t:1034..1108] ;10)sentence:[e:1109..1194] = [t:1109..1194] ;11)sentence:[e:1195..1342] = [t:1195..1342] ;12)sentence:[e:1343..1518] = [t:1343..1518] ;13)section:[e:1522..1566] = [t:1522..1566] ;section 0 Span:0..37 ;J Gastroenterol 1998 Jun;33(3):390-6 (SEC (FRAG (DT:[0..1] J) (NNP:[2..15] Gastroenterol) (CD:[17..21] 1998) (CC:[22..29] Jun;33-LRB-) (CD:[29..30] 3) (-RRB-:[30..31] -RRB-) (CD:[31..35] :390) (::[35..36] -) (CD:[36..37] 6))) ;sentence 1 Span:42..149 ;Detection of Ki-ras and p53 gene mutations in tissue and pancreatic juice ;from pancreatic adenocarcinomas. ;[55..61]:gene-rna:"Ki-ras" ;[66..69]:gene-rna:"p53" ;[122..148]:malignancy:"pancreatic adenocarcinomas" (SENT (NP-HLN (NP (NN:[42..51] Detection)) (PP (IN:[52..54] of) (NP (NP (NN:[55..61] Ki-ras) (NML-1 (-NONE-:[61..61] *P*))) (CC:[62..65] and) (NP (NN:[66..69] p53) (NML-1 (NN:[70..74] gene) (NNS:[75..84] mutations))))) (PP-LOC (IN:[85..87] in) (NP (NP (NN:[88..94] tissue)) (CC:[95..98] and) (NP (JJ:[99..109] pancreatic) (NN:[110..115] juice)))) (PP (IN:[116..120] from) (NP (JJ:[122..132] pancreatic) (NNS:[133..148] adenocarcinomas))) (.:[148..149] .))) ;section 2 Span:153..211 ;Kondoh S, Kaino M, Okita S, Ryozawa S, Akiyama T, Okita K. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[153..159] Kondoh) (NNP:[160..162] S,) (NNP:[163..168] Kaino) (NNP:[169..171] M,) (NNP:[172..177] Okita) (NNP:[178..180] S,) (NNP:[181..188] Ryozawa) (NNP:[189..191] S,) (NNP:[192..199] Akiyama) (NNP:[200..201] T) (,:[201..202] ,) (NNP:[203..208] Okita) (NNP:[209..211] K.))) ;section 3 Span:215..307 ;First Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of ;Medicine, Ube, Japan. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[215..220] First) (NNP:[221..231] Department) (IN:[232..234] of) (NNP:[235..243] Internal) (NNP:[244..252] Medicine) (,:[252..253] ,) (NNP:[254..263] Yamaguchi) (NNP:[264..274] University) (NNP:[275..281] School) (IN:[282..284] of) (NNP:[285..293] Medicine) (,:[293..294] ,) (NNP:[296..299] Ube) (,:[299..300] ,) (NNP:[301..306] Japan) (.:[306..307] .))) ;sentence 4 Span:311..460 ;Pancreatic carcinomas have a high incidence of Ki-ras mutations, and the ;genetic change is thought to occur at an early stage in the carcinogenesis. ;[311..332]:malignancy:"Pancreatic carcinomas" ;[358..364]:gene-rna:"Ki-ras" (SENT (S (S (NP-SBJ (JJ:[311..321] Pancreatic) (NNS:[322..332] carcinomas)) (VP (VBP:[333..337] have) (NP (NP (DT:[338..339] a) (JJ:[340..344] high) (NN:[345..354] incidence)) (PP (IN:[355..357] of) (NP (NN:[358..364] Ki-ras) (NNS:[365..374] mutations)))))) (,:[374..375] ,) (CC:[376..379] and) (S (NP-SBJ-1 (DT:[380..383] the) (JJ:[384..391] genetic) (NN:[393..399] change)) (VP (VBZ:[400..402] is) (VP (VBN:[403..410] thought) (S (NP-SBJ-1 (-NONE-:[410..410] *)) (VP (TO:[411..413] to) (VP (VB:[414..419] occur) (PP (IN:[420..422] at) (NP (NP (DT:[423..425] an) (JJ:[426..431] early) (NN:[432..437] stage)) (PP (IN:[438..440] in) (NP (DT:[441..444] the) (NN:[445..459] carcinogenesis))))))))))) (.:[459..460] .))) ;sentence 5 Span:461..578 ;The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of detecting genetic ;mutations in pure pancreatic juice (PPJ). (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (DT:[461..464] The) (NN:[465..468] aim)) (PP (IN:[469..471] of) (NP (DT:[473..477] this) (NN:[478..483] study)))) (VP (VBD:[484..487] was) (S-PRD (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[487..487] *)) (VP (TO:[488..490] to) (VP (VB:[491..499] evaluate) (NP (NP (DT:[500..503] the) (NN:[504..514] usefulness)) (PP (IN:[515..517] of) (S-NOM (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[517..517] *)) (VP (VBG:[518..527] detecting) (NP (JJ:[528..535] genetic) (NNS:[536..545] mutations)) (PP-LOC (IN:[546..548] in) (NP (NP (JJ:[549..553] pure) (JJ:[555..565] pancreatic) (NN:[566..571] juice)) (NP (-LRB-:[572..573] -LRB-) (NN:[573..576] PPJ) (-RRB-:[576..577] -RRB-)))))))))))) (.:[577..578] .))) ;sentence 6 Span:579..761 ;DNA was extracted from tissue specimens of pancreatic carcinomas and from ;cells in PPJ, and subjected to polymerase chain reaction-single-strand ;conformation polymorphism analysis. ;[622..644]:malignancy:"pancreatic carcinomas" ;[685..695]:gene-protein:"polymerase" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NN:[579..582] DNA)) (VP (VBD:[583..586] was) (VP (VP (VBN:[587..596] extracted) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[596..596] *)) (PP (PP (IN:[597..601] from) (NP (NP (NN:[602..608] tissue) (NNS:[609..618] specimens)) (PP (IN:[619..621] of) (NP (JJ:[622..632] pancreatic) (NNS:[634..644] carcinomas))))) (CC:[645..648] and) (PP (IN:[649..653] from) (NP (NP (NNS:[654..659] cells)) (PP (IN:[660..662] in) (NP (NN:[663..666] PPJ))))))) (,:[666..667] ,) (CC:[668..671] and) (VP (VBN:[672..681] subjected) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[681..681] *)) (PP (TO:[682..684] to) (NP (NML (NML (NN:[685..695] polymerase) (NN:[696..701] chain) (NN:[703..711] reaction)) (HYPH:[711..712] -) (NML (NML (JJ:[712..718] single) (HYPH:[718..719] -) (NN:[719..725] strand)) (NN:[726..738] conformation) (NN:[739..751] polymorphism))) (NN:[752..760] analysis)))))) (.:[760..761] .))) ;sentence 7 Span:762..910 ;Two types of mobility shifts that indicate Ki-ras mutations were observed in ;13 of the 20 (65%) tissue specimens obtained by operation or autopsy. ;[806..812]:gene-rna:"Ki-ras" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-2 (NP (CD:[762..765] Two) (NNS:[766..771] types)) (PP (IN:[772..774] of) (NP (NP (NN:[775..783] mobility) (NNS:[785..791] shifts)) (SBAR (WHNP-1 (WDT:[792..796] that)) (S (NP-SBJ-1 (-NONE-:[796..796] *T*)) (VP (VBP:[797..805] indicate) (NP (NN:[806..812] Ki-ras) (NNS:[813..822] mutations)))))))) (VP (VBD:[823..827] were) (VP (VBN:[828..836] observed) (NP-2 (-NONE-:[836..836] *)) (PP-LOC (IN:[837..839] in) (NP (NP (CD:[840..842] 13)) (PP (IN:[843..845] of) (NP (NP (DT:[846..849] the) (CD:[850..852] 20) (PRN (-LRB-:[853..854] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[854..856] 65) (NN:[856..857] %)) (-RRB-:[857..858] -RRB-)) (NN:[859..865] tissue) (NNS:[867..876] specimens)) (VP (VBN:[877..885] obtained) (NP (-NONE-:[885..885] *)) (PP-MNR (IN:[886..888] by) (NP (NN:[889..898] operation) (CC:[899..901] or) (NN:[902..909] autopsy)))))))))) (.:[909..910] .))) ;sentence 8 Span:911..1033 ;Ten of 15 specimens (67%) of PPJ collected from patients with pancreatic ;carcinomas showed two types of mobility shifts. ;[974..995]:malignancy:"pancreatic carcinomas" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (NP (NP (CD:[911..914] Ten)) (PP (IN:[915..917] of) (NP (CD:[918..920] 15) (NNS:[921..930] specimens))) (PRN (-LRB-:[931..932] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[932..934] 67) (NN:[934..935] %)) (-RRB-:[935..936] -RRB-))) (PP (IN:[937..939] of) (NP (NN:[940..943] PPJ)))) (VP (VBN:[945..954] collected) (NP (-NONE-:[954..954] *)) (PP (IN:[955..959] from) (NP (NP (NNS:[960..968] patients)) (PP (IN:[969..973] with) (NP (JJ:[974..984] pancreatic) (NNS:[985..995] carcinomas))))))) (VP (VBD:[996..1002] showed) (NP (NP (CD:[1003..1006] two) (NNS:[1007..1012] types)) (PP (IN:[1013..1015] of) (NP (NN:[1016..1024] mobility) (NNS:[1026..1032] shifts))))) (.:[1032..1033] .))) ;sentence 9 Span:1034..1108 ;Conventional imaging techniques did not show two in 10 of these patients. (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (JJ:[1034..1046] Conventional) (NN:[1047..1054] imaging) (NNS:[1055..1065] techniques)) (VP (VBD:[1066..1069] did) (RB:[1070..1073] not) (VP (VB:[1074..1078] show) (NP (NP (CD:[1079..1082] two)) (PP (IN:[1083..1085] in) (NP (NP (CD:[1086..1088] 10)) (PP (IN:[1089..1091] of) (NP (DT:[1092..1097] these) (NNS:[1099..1107] patients)))))))) (.:[1107..1108] .))) ;sentence 10 Span:1109..1194 ;PPJ from patients with non-cancerous pancreatic diseases showed no Ki-ras ;mutations. ;[1177..1183]:gene-rna:"Ki-ras" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (NN:[1109..1112] PPJ)) (PP (IN:[1113..1117] from) (NP (NP (NNS:[1118..1126] patients)) (PP (IN:[1127..1131] with) (NP (ADJP (AFX:[1132..1135] non) (HYPH:[1135..1136] -) (JJ:[1136..1145] cancerous)) (JJ:[1146..1156] pancreatic) (NNS:[1157..1165] diseases)))))) (VP (VBD:[1166..1172] showed) (NP (DT:[1173..1175] no) (NN:[1177..1183] Ki-ras) (NNS:[1184..1193] mutations))) (.:[1193..1194] .))) ;sentence 11 Span:1195..1342 ;The p53 tumor suppressor gene, examined by PCR-SSCP analysis, was mutated in ;8 of the 20 tissue specimens obtained by operation or autopsy (40%). ;[1199..1202]:gene-rna:"p53" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (DT:[1195..1198] The) (NN:[1199..1202] p53) (NML (NN:[1203..1208] tumor) (NN:[1209..1219] suppressor)) (NN:[1220..1224] gene)) (,:[1224..1225] ,) (VP (VBN:[1226..1234] examined) (NP (-NONE-:[1234..1234] *)) (PP-MNR (IN:[1235..1237] by) (NP (NML (NN:[1238..1241] PCR) (HYPH:[1241..1242] -) (NN:[1242..1246] SSCP)) (NN:[1247..1255] analysis))))) (,:[1255..1256] ,) (VP (VBD:[1258..1261] was) (VP (VBN:[1262..1269] mutated) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[1269..1269] *)) (PP-LOC (IN:[1270..1272] in) (NP (NP (CD:[1273..1274] 8)) (PP (IN:[1275..1277] of) (NP (NP (DT:[1278..1281] the) (CD:[1282..1284] 20) (NN:[1285..1291] tissue) (NNS:[1292..1301] specimens)) (VP (VBN:[1302..1310] obtained) (NP (-NONE-:[1310..1310] *)) (PP-MNR (IN:[1311..1313] by) (NP (NN:[1314..1323] operation) (CC:[1324..1326] or) (NN:[1327..1334] autopsy))) (PRN (-LRB-:[1336..1337] -LRB-) (NP (CD:[1337..1339] 40) (NN:[1339..1340] %)) (-RRB-:[1340..1341] -RRB-))))))))) (.:[1341..1342] .))) ;sentence 12 Span:1343..1518 ;The detection of Ki-ras and p53 mutations in PPJ could be useful for the ;early diagnosis of pancreatic carcinomas, especially for neoplastic lesions ;of the intraductal type. ;[1360..1366]:gene-rna:"Ki-ras" ;[1371..1374]:gene-rna:"p53" ;[1436..1457]:malignancy:"pancreatic carcinomas" ;[1474..1517]:malignancy:"neoplastic lesions of the intraductal type" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (DT:[1343..1346] The) (NN:[1347..1356] detection)) (PP (IN:[1357..1359] of) (NP (NP (NN:[1360..1366] Ki-ras) (NML-1 (-NONE-:[1366..1366] *P*))) (CC:[1367..1370] and) (NP (NN:[1371..1374] p53) (NML-1 (NNS:[1375..1384] mutations))))) (PP-LOC (IN:[1385..1387] in) (NP (NN:[1388..1391] PPJ)))) (VP (MD:[1392..1397] could) (VP (VB:[1398..1400] be) (ADJP-PRD (JJ:[1401..1407] useful) (PP (IN:[1408..1411] for) (NP (NP (DT:[1412..1415] the) (JJ:[1417..1422] early) (NN:[1423..1432] diagnosis)) (PP (IN:[1433..1435] of) (NP (JJ:[1436..1446] pancreatic) (NNS:[1447..1457] carcinomas))))) (,:[1457..1458] ,) (PP (ADVP (RB:[1459..1469] especially)) (IN:[1470..1473] for) (NP (NP (JJ:[1474..1484] neoplastic) (NNS:[1485..1492] lesions)) (PP (IN:[1493..1495] of) (NP (DT:[1497..1500] the) (JJ:[1501..1512] intraductal) (NN:[1513..1517] type)))))))) (.:[1517..1518] .))) ;section 13 Span:1522..1566 ;PMID: 9658319 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[1522..1526] PMID) (::[1526..1527] :) (CD:[1528..1535] 9658319) (NN:[1536..1537] -LSB-) (NNP:[1537..1543] PubMed) (::[1544..1545] -) (NN:[1546..1553] indexed) (IN:[1554..1557] for) (NNP:[1558..1566] MEDLINE-RSB-)))