;PMID: 10571857 ;source_file_1912.mrg ;Release 0.9 of PennBioIE ;Funded by NSF ITR EIA-0205448 ;0)section:[e:0..31] = [t:0..31] ;1)sentence:[e:37..183] = [t:37..183] ;2)section:[e:187..250] = [t:187..250] ;3)section:[e:254..377] = [t:254..377] ;4)sentence:[e:381..486] = [t:381..486] ;5)sentence:[e:487..692] = [t:487..692] ;6)sentence:[e:694..833] = [t:694..833] ;7)sentence:[e:834..1038] = [t:834..1038] ;8)sentence:[e:1039..1153] = [t:1039..1153] ;9)sentence:[e:1154..1369] = [t:1154..1369] ;10)sentence:[e:1370..1492] = [t:1370..1492] ;11)sentence:[e:1493..1700] = [t:1493..1700] ;12)sentence:[e:1701..1888] = [t:1701..1888] ;13)section:[e:1892..1937] = [t:1892..1937] ;section 0 Span:0..31 ;Plant J. 1999 Sep;19(6):719-26. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[0..5] Plant) (NNP:[6..8] J.) (CD:[9..13] 1999) (.:[14..20] Sep;19) (-LRB-:[20..21] -LRB-) (CD:[21..22] 6) (-RRB-:[22..23] -RRB-) (::[23..24] :) (CD:[24..27] 719) (::[27..28] -) (CD:[28..30] 26) (.:[30..31] .))) ;sentence 1 Span:37..183 ;Negative selection systems for transgenic barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): ;comparison of bacterial codA- and cytochrome P450 gene-mediated selection. (SENT (NP-HLN (NP (NP (JJ:[37..45] Negative) (NN:[46..55] selection) (NNS:[56..63] systems)) (PP (IN:[64..67] for) (NP (NP (JJ:[68..78] transgenic) (NN:[79..85] barley)) (NP (-LRB-:[86..87] -LRB-) (NNP:[87..94] Hordeum) (NNP:[95..102] vulgare) (NNP:[103..105] L.) (-RRB-:[105..106] -RRB-))))) (::[106..107] :) (NP (NP (NN:[109..119] comparison)) (PP (IN:[120..122] of) (NP (NP (JJ:[123..132] bacterial) (NN:[133..137] codA) (HYPH:[137..138] -) (ADJP-1 (-NONE-:[138..138] *P*)) (NML-2 (-NONE-:[138..138] *P*))) (CC:[139..142] and) (NP (NP (NN:[143..153] cytochrome) (NN:[154..158] P450)) (ADJP-1 (NN:[159..163] gene) (HYPH:[163..164] -) (VBN:[164..172] mediated)) (NML-2 (NN:[173..182] selection)))))) (.:[182..183] .))) ;section 2 Span:187..250 ;Koprek T, McElroy D, Louwerse J, Williams-Carrier R, Lemaux PG. (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[187..193] Koprek) (NNP:[194..195] T) (,:[195..196] ,) (NNP:[197..204] McElroy) (NNP:[205..206] D) (,:[206..207] ,) (NNP:[208..216] Louwerse) (NNP:[217..219] J,) (NNP:[220..228] Williams) (HYPH:[228..229] -) (NNP:[229..236] Carrier) (NNP:[237..238] R) (,:[238..239] ,) (NNP:[240..246] Lemaux) (NNP:[247..250] PG.))) ;section 3 Span:254..377 ;Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley ; 94720-3102, USA. tkoprek@nature.berkeley.edu (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[254..264] Department) (IN:[265..267] of) (NNP:[268..273] Plant) (CC:[274..277] and) (NNP:[278..287] Microbial) (NNP:[288..295] Biology) (,:[295..296] ,) (NNP:[297..307] University) (IN:[308..310] of) (NNP:[311..321] California) (,:[321..322] ,) (NNP:[323..331] Berkeley) (CD:[333..343] 94720-3102) (,:[343..344] ,) (NNP:[345..348] USA) (.:[348..349] .) ('':[350..364] tkoprek@nature) (VBD:[364..373] .berkeley) (.:[373..377] .edu))) ;sentence 4 Span:381..486 ;Efficient negative selection systems are increasingly needed for numerous ;applications in plant biology. (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (JJ:[381..390] Efficient) (JJ:[391..399] negative) (NN:[400..409] selection) (NNS:[410..417] systems)) (VP (VBP:[418..421] are) (VP (ADVP (RB:[422..434] increasingly)) (VBN:[435..441] needed) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[441..441] *)) (PP (IN:[442..445] for) (NP (JJ:[446..454] numerous) (NNS:[456..468] applications))) (PP (IN:[469..471] in) (NP (NN:[472..477] plant) (NN:[478..485] biology))))) (.:[485..486] .))) ;sentence 5 Span:487..692 ;In recent years various counter-selectable genes have been tested in six ;dicotyledonous species, whereas there are no data available for the use of ;negative selection markers in monocotyledonous species. (SENT (S (PP-TMP (IN:[487..489] In) (NP (JJ:[490..496] recent) (NNS:[497..502] years))) (NP-SBJ-1 (JJ:[503..510] various) (ADJP (AFX:[511..518] counter) (HYPH:[518..519] -) (JJ:[519..529] selectable)) (NNS:[530..535] genes)) (VP (VBP:[537..541] have) (VP (VBN:[542..546] been) (VP (VBN:[547..553] tested) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[553..553] *)) (PP-LOC (IN:[554..556] in) (NP (CD:[557..560] six) (JJ:[561..575] dicotyledonous) (NNS:[576..583] species))))) (,:[583..584] ,) (SBAR-ADV (IN:[585..592] whereas) (S (NP-SBJ (EX:[593..598] there)) (VP (VBP:[599..602] are) (NP (NP (NP (DT:[603..605] no) (NNS:[606..610] data)) (PP-2 (-NONE-:[610..610] *ICH*))) (ADJP (JJ:[612..621] available))) (PP-2 (IN:[622..625] for) (NP (NP (DT:[626..629] the) (NN:[630..633] use)) (PP (IN:[634..636] of) (NP (JJ:[637..645] negative) (NN:[646..655] selection) (NNS:[656..663] markers))) (PP-LOC (IN:[664..666] in) (NP (JJ:[667..683] monocotyledonous) (NNS:[684..691] species))))))))) (.:[691..692] .))) ;sentence 6 Span:694..833 ;In this study, we compared the applicability and reliability of two different ; conditional negative selection systems in transgenic barley. (SENT (S (PP (IN:[694..696] In) (NP (DT:[697..701] this) (NN:[702..707] study))) (,:[707..708] ,) (NP-SBJ (PRP:[709..711] we)) (VP (VBD:[712..720] compared) (NP (NP (DT:[721..724] the) (NN:[725..738] applicability) (CC:[739..742] and) (NN:[743..754] reliability)) (PP (IN:[755..757] of) (NP (CD:[758..761] two) (JJ:[762..771] different) (NML (JJ:[773..784] conditional) (JJ:[785..793] negative) (NN:[794..803] selection)) (NNS:[804..811] systems)))) (PP-LOC (IN:[812..814] in) (NP (JJ:[815..825] transgenic) (NN:[826..832] barley)))) (.:[832..833] .))) ;sentence 7 Span:834..1038 ;The bacterial codA gene encoding cytosine deaminase, which converts the ;non-toxic 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into the toxic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), was ;used for in vitro selection of germinating seedlings. ;[868..886]:substance:"cytosine deaminase" ;[917..933]:substance:"5-fluorocytosine" ;[936..940]:substance:"5-FC" ;[957..971]:substance:"5-fluorouracil" ;[973..977]:substance:"5-FU" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-2 (NP (DT:[834..837] The) (JJ:[838..847] bacterial) (NN:[848..852] codA) (NN:[854..858] gene)) (VP (VBG:[859..867] encoding) (NP (NP (NN:[868..876] cytosine) (NN:[877..886] deaminase)) (,:[886..887] ,) (SBAR (WHNP-1 (WDT:[888..893] which)) (S (NP-SBJ-1 (-NONE-:[893..893] *T*)) (VP (VBZ:[894..902] converts) (NP (NP (DT:[903..906] the) (ADJP (AFX:[907..910] non) (HYPH:[910..911] -) (JJ:[911..916] toxic)) (NN:[917..933] 5-fluorocytosine)) (NP (-LRB-:[935..936] -LRB-) (NN:[936..940] 5-FC) (-RRB-:[940..941] -RRB-))) (PP (IN:[942..946] into) (NP (NP (DT:[947..950] the) (JJ:[951..956] toxic) (NN:[957..971] 5-fluorouracil)) (NP (-LRB-:[972..973] -LRB-) (NN:[973..977] 5-FU) (-RRB-:[977..978] -RRB-)))))))))) (,:[978..979] ,) (VP (VBD:[980..983] was) (VP (VBN:[984..988] used) (NP-2 (-NONE-:[988..988] *)) (PP (IN:[989..992] for) (NP (NP (ADJP (FW:[993..995] in) (FW:[996..1001] vitro)) (NN:[1002..1011] selection)) (PP (IN:[1012..1014] of) (NP (VBG:[1016..1027] germinating) (NNS:[1028..1037] seedlings))))))) (.:[1037..1038] .))) ;sentence 8 Span:1039..1153 ;Development of codA-expressing seedlings was strongly inhibited by ;germinating the seeds in the presence of 5-FC. ;[1148..1152]:substance:"5-FC" (SENT (S (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (NN:[1039..1050] Development)) (PP (IN:[1051..1053] of) (NP (ADJP (NN:[1054..1058] codA) (HYPH:[1058..1059] -) (VBG:[1059..1069] expressing)) (NNS:[1070..1079] seedlings)))) (VP (VBD:[1080..1083] was) (ADVP (RB:[1084..1092] strongly)) (VP (VBN:[1094..1103] inhibited) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[1103..1103] *)) (PP (IN:[1104..1106] by) (S-NOM-LGS (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[1106..1106] *)) (VP (VBG:[1107..1118] germinating) (NP (DT:[1119..1122] the) (NNS:[1123..1128] seeds)) (PP (IN:[1129..1131] in) (NP (NP (DT:[1132..1135] the) (NN:[1136..1144] presence)) (PP (IN:[1145..1147] of) (NP (NN:[1148..1152] 5-FC)))))))))) (.:[1152..1153] .))) ;sentence 9 Span:1154..1369 ;For selecting plants in the greenhouse, a bacterial cytochrome P450 ;mono-oxygenase gene, the product of which catalyses the dealkylation of a ;sulfonylurea compound, R7402, into its cytotoxic metabolite, was used. ;[1248..1255]:cyp450:"product" ;[1298..1319]:substance:"sulfonylurea compound" ;[1321..1326]:substance:"R7402" ;[1348..1358]:substance:"metabolite" (SENT (S (PP-PRP (IN:[1154..1157] For) (S-NOM (NP-SBJ (-NONE-:[1157..1157] *)) (VP (VBG:[1158..1167] selecting) (NP (NNS:[1168..1174] plants)) (PP-LOC (IN:[1176..1178] in) (NP (DT:[1179..1182] the) (NN:[1183..1193] greenhouse)))))) (,:[1193..1194] ,) (NP-SBJ-2 (NP (DT:[1195..1196] a) (JJ:[1197..1206] bacterial) (NML (NN:[1207..1217] cytochrome) (NN:[1218..1222] P450)) (NN:[1223..1237] mono-oxygenase) (NN:[1238..1242] gene)) (,:[1242..1243] ,) (SBAR (WHNP-1 (WHNP (DT:[1244..1247] the) (NN:[1248..1255] product)) (WHPP (IN:[1257..1259] of) (WHNP (WDT:[1260..1265] which)))) (S (NP-SBJ-1 (-NONE-:[1265..1265] *T*)) (VP (VBZ:[1266..1275] catalyses) (NP (NP (DT:[1276..1279] the) (NN:[1280..1292] dealkylation)) (PP (IN:[1293..1295] of) (NP (NP (DT:[1296..1297] a) (NN:[1298..1310] sulfonylurea) (NN:[1311..1319] compound)) (,:[1319..1320] ,) (NP (NN:[1321..1326] R7402)))) (,:[1326..1327] ,) (PP (IN:[1328..1332] into) (NP (PRP$:[1333..1336] its) (JJ:[1338..1347] cytotoxic) (NN:[1348..1358] metabolite)))))))) (,:[1358..1359] ,) (VP (VBD:[1360..1363] was) (VP (VBN:[1364..1368] used) (NP-2 (-NONE-:[1368..1368] *)))) (.:[1368..1369] .))) ;sentence 10 Span:1370..1492 ;T1 plants expressing the selectable marker gene showed striking ;morphological differences from the non-transgenic plants. (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (NP (NN:[1370..1372] T1) (NNS:[1373..1379] plants)) (VP (VBG:[1380..1390] expressing) (NP (DT:[1391..1394] the) (JJ:[1395..1405] selectable) (NN:[1406..1412] marker) (NN:[1413..1417] gene)))) (VP (VBD:[1419..1425] showed) (NP (NP (JJ:[1426..1434] striking) (JJ:[1435..1448] morphological) (NNS:[1449..1460] differences)) (PP (IN:[1461..1465] from) (NP (DT:[1466..1469] the) (ADJP (AFX:[1470..1473] non) (HYPH:[1473..1474] -) (JJ:[1474..1484] transgenic)) (NNS:[1485..1491] plants))))) (.:[1491..1492] .))) ;sentence 11 Span:1493..1700 ;In experiments with both negative selectable markers, the presence or ;absence of the transgene, as predicted from the physiological appearance of ;the plants under selection, was confirmed by PCR analysis. (SENT (S (PP (IN:[1493..1495] In) (NP (NP (NNS:[1497..1508] experiments)) (PP (IN:[1509..1513] with) (NP (DT:[1514..1518] both) (JJ:[1519..1527] negative) (JJ:[1528..1538] selectable) (NNS:[1539..1546] markers))))) (,:[1546..1547] ,) (NP-SBJ-1 (NP (DT:[1548..1551] the) (NN:[1552..1560] presence) (CC:[1561..1563] or) (NN:[1564..1571] absence)) (PP (IN:[1572..1574] of) (NP (DT:[1576..1579] the) (NN:[1580..1589] transgene))) (,:[1589..1590] ,) (PP (IN:[1591..1593] as) (S-NOM (NP-SBJ-2 (-NONE-:[1593..1593] *)) (VP (VBN:[1594..1603] predicted) (NP-2 (-NONE-:[1603..1603] *)) (PP (IN:[1604..1608] from) (NP (NP (DT:[1609..1612] the) (JJ:[1613..1626] physiological) (NN:[1627..1637] appearance)) (PP (IN:[1638..1640] of) (NP (NP (DT:[1641..1644] the) (NNS:[1645..1651] plants)) (PP (IN:[1653..1658] under) (NP (NN:[1659..1668] selection))))))))))) (,:[1668..1669] ,) (VP (VBD:[1670..1673] was) (VP (VBN:[1674..1683] confirmed) (NP-1 (-NONE-:[1683..1683] *)) (PP (IN:[1684..1686] by) (NP-LGS (NN:[1687..1690] PCR) (NN:[1691..1699] analysis))))) (.:[1699..1700] .))) ;sentence 12 Span:1701..1888 ;We demonstrate that both marker genes provide tight negative selection; ;however, the use of the P450 gene is more amenable to large-scale screening ;under greenhouse or field conditions. (SENT (S (NP-SBJ (PRP:[1701..1703] We)) (VP (VBP:[1704..1715] demonstrate) (SBAR (IN:[1716..1720] that) (S (S (NP-SBJ (DT:[1721..1725] both) (NN:[1726..1732] marker) (NNS:[1734..1739] genes)) (VP (VBP:[1740..1747] provide) (NP (JJ:[1748..1753] tight) (JJ:[1754..1762] negative) (NN:[1763..1772] selection)))) (::[1772..1773] ;) (S (ADVP (RB:[1774..1781] however)) (,:[1781..1782] ,) (NP-SBJ (NP (DT:[1783..1786] the) (NN:[1787..1790] use)) (PP (IN:[1791..1793] of) (NP (DT:[1794..1797] the) (NN:[1798..1802] P450) (NN:[1803..1807] gene)))) (VP (VBZ:[1808..1810] is) (ADJP-PRD (RBR:[1812..1816] more) (JJ:[1817..1825] amenable) (PP (TO:[1826..1828] to) (NP (NML (JJ:[1829..1834] large) (HYPH:[1834..1835] -) (NN:[1835..1840] scale)) (NN:[1841..1850] screening)))) (PP (IN:[1851..1856] under) (NP (NP (NN:[1857..1867] greenhouse) (NML-1 (-NONE-:[1867..1867] *P*))) (CC:[1868..1870] or) (NP (NN:[1871..1876] field) (NML-1 (NNS:[1877..1887] conditions)))))))))) (.:[1887..1888] .))) ;section 13 Span:1892..1937 ;PMID: 10571857 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (SEC (FRAG (NNP:[1892..1896] PMID) (::[1896..1897] :) (CD:[1898..1906] 10571857) (NN:[1907..1908] -LSB-) (NNP:[1908..1914] PubMed) (::[1915..1916] -) (NN:[1917..1924] indexed) (IN:[1925..1928] for) (NNP:[1929..1937] MEDLINE-RSB-)))